Pediatric MCQ quiz #1

Osteomyelitis caused by Salmonella is rare in children.In patients with (SCD),it is the pathogen cause in more than 50%

AIDS has not been reported as a complication of the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) prepared from human donors.Donors are screened for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B seropositivity, and preparative methods would inactivate both of these viruses. The remaining choices are rare but worrisome complications of IVIG therapy. Nonetheless, IVIG has been aremarkable aid in the treatment of patients with congenital antibody deficiency states.

Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone are excellent agents to treat meningitis because they both achieve high CSF levels. Choices A to Dare unfortunately correct, and therefore, ampicillin is always initially used with either of these cephalosporins.

Central nervous system anomalies are unusual or absent in most syndromes associated with a tracheoesophageal fistula.#Vacterl association
#Vertebral anomalis
#Anal atrasia
#Cardiac defect
#Tracheo Esophageal fistula
#Renal anomalis
#Limb anomalis

Renal tubular acidosis with renal bicarbonate loss or diarrhea induced stool losses of bicarbonate are the common causes of anormal anion gap acidosis.other causes of norma AG MA…HARDASS (Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis)

Hyperalimentation
Addison d.
RTA (B)
Diarrhea
Acetazolamide
Spironolactone
Saline infusion

Handedness should not be attempted to be modified, because this leads to frustration. After 4 years of age, a spontaneouschange in handedness should lead to the suspicion of a central nervous system lesion.

If a child is not initially crying, the cardiac examination is potentially the least disturbing to an infant and toddler.

In addition to antidote therapy, supportive care is essential in acetaminophen toxicity. Immediate assessment of the patient’s airway, breathing, and hemodynamic status (ie,#ABCs) is critical, while considering and initiating treatment for suspected acetaminophen overdose. As with any ingestion, assessing for other potential life-threatening co-ingestants is very important.
Administer activated charcoal (AC) if the patient has a stable mental and clinical status, patent airway, and presents to the emergency department within 1 hour of ingestion. Measure a 4-hour serum acetaminophen concentration to assess the potential risk for hepatotoxicity, using the Rumack-Matthew nomogram.
Patients with acetaminophen concentrations below the “possible” line for hepatotoxicity on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram may be discharged home after they are medically cleared.
Admit patients with acetaminophen concentrations above the “possible” line on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram for treatment with #N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Treat patients with evidence of hepatic failure, metabolic acidosis, coagulopathy, and/or encephalopathy in an intensive care unit (ICU). Transfer patients with evidence of clinically significant hepatotoxicity to a medical facility with intensive care support and liver transplant services.
Early administration of NAC after suspected acetaminophen overdose is most essential. NAC is nearly 100% hepatoprotective when it is given within 8 hours after an acute acetaminophen ingestion

Kawasaki diseases its inflammation of blood vessels, most common symptoms include fever more than 5 days ,red eye(Congetivitis),red tongue (strawberry )’ swollen lip with vertical cracking and bleeding, change in mucous mebarnc of URT including throat redness, swollen lymph nod in neck, rash on face and trunk.
Mangement by lmmunioglobulin , salicylate therapy (asprin),